Meaning
A rod is a straight, slender stick or staff. It may be used for support, as a tool, for discipline, or as a symbol of authority.
Biblical Usage
When the LORD asked Moses what he held in his hand, Moses answered, “A rod” (Exodus 4:2). The LORD instructed him to take the rod and use it in performing signs (Exodus 4:17).
Moses’ rod became a serpent when cast to the ground and returned to a rod when Moses took it by the tail (Exodus 4:3-4). It was also used in signs before Pharaoh and in events during Israel’s journey, including the dividing of the sea and the provision of water from the rock (Exodus 14:16; 17:5-6).
Aaron also had a rod associated with signs in Egypt, and his rod later budded as recorded in Numbers 17.
The English word rod represents different original-language words across Scripture. The Hebrew word matteh used in Exodus 4:2 can also mean a branch or a tribe in other contexts.
Key References
- Exodus 4:2 — Moses identifies the object in his hand as a rod.
- Exodus 4:17 — The rod is to be used in performing signs.
- Exodus 7:9-12 — Aaron casts down his rod before Pharaoh.
- Exodus 14:16 — Moses is instructed to lift up his rod over the sea.
- Exodus 17:5-6 — Moses is instructed to take the rod and strike the rock.
- Numbers 17:8 — Aaron’s rod buds, blossoms, and produces almonds.
- Psalm 23:4 — David speaks of the LORD’s rod and staff.
Related Terms
- Staff — A stick carried or used for support.
- Sceptre — A staff or rod representing royal authority.
- Moses — The man who carried the rod used in the signs described in Exodus.
- Aaron — Moses’ brother, whose rod is also mentioned in Exodus and Numbers.
- Serpent — The creature into which Moses’ rod was changed as a sign.